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Renato Cruz De Castro
Renato Cruz De Castro
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Delegitimizing China’s maritime expansion in the South China Sea: The role of 2016 arbitral tribunal ruling
by Renato Cruz De Castro - July 13, 2024 - 5:18pm
Eventually, since the beginning of the 21st century, the relationship between the Philippines and China has undergone ups and downs.
Pondering evolving form of trilateral PH-US-Japan partnership: Formal security alliance or loose security network?
by Renato Cruz De Castro - April 13, 2024 - 11:52am
On April 11, the leaders of the Philipines, Japan and the United States held their first-ever trilateral summit meeting.
Transforming 21st PH-Vietnam bilateral relations from security to strategic partnership
by Renato Cruz De Castro - February 10, 2024 - 11:43am
States form alliances when confronted with more powerful and aggressive powers.
Return of hard balancing in Philippine policy towards China's maritime expansion in South China Sea
by Renato Cruz De Castro - December 23, 2023 - 6:08pm
During the second visit to Manila of U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin on February 2, Filipino and U.S. security officials announced that additional Philippine military facilities would host U.S. forces under the...
Philippines and Republic of Korea: A stronger partnership in Indo-Pacific
by Renato Cruz De Castro - September 16, 2023 - 8:30am
The Philippines and South Korea have a long history forged in blood.
The August 5 Ayungin Shoal incident: Confronting Chinese grey zone ops in West Philippine Sea
by Renato Cruz De Castro - August 19, 2023 - 3:33pm
On Aug. 5, 2023, China Coast Guard vessels blocked and used water cannons against a Philippine Coast Guard convoy delivering supplies to the small Philippine garrison on board a beached Philippine Navy commissioned...
Philippines and Australia: From a comprehensive to a strategic security partnership
by Renato Cruz De Castro - May 27, 2023 - 9:43am
On June 5, 2022, Australian Defense Minister Richard Marles revealed the details of an incident between a Royal Australian Air Force reconnaissance aircraft and a Chinese People’s Liberation Air Force’s...
Addressing China’s gray zone operations in WPS: Role of Civil Maritime Security Agency
by Renato Cruz De Castro - March 25, 2023 - 2:12pm
In early 2021, while the Duterte administration was focused on managing the raging COVID-19 pandemic, a Chinese gray zone operation forced its focus away from its pandemic response and toward China’s undeniable...
Should the 1950 Mutual Defense Treaty be reworded or modified?
by Renato Cruz De Castro - December 31, 2022 - 1:07pm
This is not the first time a review of the 1951 Mutual Defense Treaty was raised.
Post-Duterte admin revitalized Philippine-US alliance: Implication on ongoing Taiwan crisis
by Renato Cruz De Castro - October 8, 2022 - 3:27pm
China used Speaker Pelosi’s trip not only to show its displeasure over her decision to visit Taiwan, but to display to the world that it could form six concentric naval and air zones encircling Taiwan as a...
Strengthening Philippines’ trilateral security relations with US, Australia
by Renato Cruz De Castro - September 3, 2022 - 1:53pm
Two dangerous flashpoints currently surround the Philippines.
Abe: The patron of Philippine-Japan security partnership
by Renato Cruz De Castro - July 16, 2022 - 11:09am
On March 20, 2021, former Department of National Défense Secretary Lorenzana warned the Filipino nation about the presence of around 220-blue hulled Chinese fishing vessels moored in line formation at Julian...
Europe confronts China on the Indo-Pacific Region
by Renato Cruz De Castro - June 25, 2022 - 3:42pm
On June 11, I made my first overseas trip in two and a half years.
Will Marcos modernize the Armed Forces of the Philippines?
by Renato Cruz De Castro - May 28, 2022 - 10:27am
During the 2022 election period, the South China Sea dispute became an issue in the face of China’s continuous militarization of the land features controlled in the disputed waters.
Addressing China’s gray zone operations through Philippines' civil-maritime agencies
by Renato Cruz De Castro - April 25, 2022 - 12:16pm
The Philippine Coast Guard was created on the basis of Republic Act 9993, or otherwise known as “The Philippine Coast Guard Law of 2010.”
Ukraine is at crossroads – and so are we
by Renato Cruz De Castro - March 5, 2022 - 2:05pm
Russia has invested huge amounts of money to rebuild its conventional military capabilities in the last few years.
The Philippines and the Summit for Democracy: How Duterte became the prodigal son
by Renato Cruz De Castro - December 18, 2021 - 11:12am
President Rodrigo Duterte admitted that he was proud to be invited in this historic event to tell the world about the Philippines’ experience in democracy.
Commentary: 2014 EDCA enables 1951 MDT commitments
by Renato Cruz De Castro - September 25, 2021 - 11:35am
In December 2018, Philippine Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana revealed that the Department of National Defense was reviewing the 1951 Philippine-US Mutual Defense Treaty as he questioned its relevance in the...
Commentary: How did President Aquino stand up against China?
by Renato Cruz De Castro - July 10, 2021 - 11:52am
Internationally, the Philippines, under the administration of President Aquino, was seen as the Asia-Pacific David standing up to the Chinese Goliath in the West Philippine Sea.
Commentary: China’s grand Belt and Road Initiative and the Duterte admin
by Renato Cruz De Castro - May 15, 2021 - 12:40pm
Maritime Southeast Asia is located in an important crossroads between the Indian and Pacific Oceans near the center of a newly configured region called the Indo-Pacific. 
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